Crystal structures are the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a crystalline material. They play a crucial role in determining the physical and chemical properties of materials, as well as their behavior under different conditions. By analyzing and understanding the crystal structure of a material, researchers can gain insights into its properties, such as strength, conductivity, and optical characteristics. Techniques such as X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy are commonly used to study crystal structures and determine the atomic arrangement within a material. Crystallography is a field of science that focuses on the study of crystal structures and their properties.